http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAxOg9Wa0_g
Cuando hablamos de integrales pensamos que es lo más difícil del cálculo, pero no es así. El cálculo integral no es algo imposible, solo hay que ser ordenado e ir paso a paso, sin prisas. En el siguiente link tenéis un ejemplo de integral triple muy bien explicado por un profesor. La integral del ejemplo viene dada en coordenadas cartesianas (x,y,z) en donde los limites de dx vienen determinados por la variable x.
Este blog ha sido creado por Sergio Jimenez Fernandez como trabajo integrador de 1º curso del Grado en Ingenieria Industrial Electronica y Automatica impartida en la Escuela Politécnica de la Universidad Europea de Madrid. Curso 2013-2014
Traductor/Translate
domingo, 15 de diciembre de 2013
jueves, 12 de diciembre de 2013
Aplicaciones de las integrales
Las integrales visto desde un punto de vista técnico tienen múltiples utilidades. Con una integral simple definida podemos llegar a calcular áreas y volúmenes, y con un integral triples podemos calcular masas, momentos de inercia, en definitiva, hipervolúmenes. Con esto, diferentes ciencias han encontrado múltiples aplicaciones, por ejemplo, los administradores cuando trabajan con los costes de una empresa, al tener el coste marginal de producción de un producto, pueden obtener la fórmula de coste total a través de integrales. Por otro lado, en el campo de la Ingeniería electrónica, el cálculo integral es utilizado en circuitos RLC (resistencia, condensador y bobina) para analizar su comportamiento dentro del circuito y en el ámbito químico, se usa el cálculo integral para determinar los ritmos de las reacciones y el decaimiento radioactivo. Pero si lo queremos ver desde un punto de vista más cotidiano, sabiendo que el cálculo integral podría ayudar a encontrar el máximo rendimiento o aprovechamiento de múltiples cosas, podríamos saber la mejor forma de acomodar más vehículos en un menor espacio de estacionamiento. Por otra parte, si aquellos que amueblan sus casas usaran el cálculo integral, podrían distribuir y aprovechar mejor el espacio de su vivienda.
sábado, 26 de octubre de 2013
Las derivadas de la vida cotidiana
Muchas veces, con la ayuda del sentido común, estamos
derivando sin darnos cuenta. Naturalmente, uno no necesita derivar en la vida
diaria, sin embargo las derivadas son necesarias en muchas aplicaciones
prácticas en biología, mecánica, en medicina bacteriológica, etc.
Especialmente el concepto de derivada es fundamental para comprender
y derivar fórmulas que luego tienen una aplicación importante en la industria y
en la ciencia en general, que es la que definitivamente inspira las
innovaciones industriales. Las derivadas se utilizan para optimizar sistemas
que se expresan mediante funciones más o menos complejas. Otra de sus
aplicaciones es hallar los valores máximos o mínimos de ciertas expresiones. También
puedes hallar los intervalos de crecimiento o decrecimiento de valores de
interés.
Por eso mismo utilizamos las derivadas sin darnos cuenta, por
ejemplo, cuando vamos al supermercado y vemos que han subido el precio de las
patatas respecto al mes pasado, nosotros podemos hallar la variación con una
simple derivada. Otro caso, se puede encontrar en “casa”, es decir, cuando
queremos calentar la casa encendiendo la calefacción podemos saber cuánto
tiempo tardará en calentarse derivando en función del espacio, la temperatura y
el tiempo. O simplemente cuando vamos en el coche y aceleramos, hallamos la
velocidad derivando esa aceleración en función del tiempo.
Entrevista con un matemático
INTERVIEW WITH A MATHEMATICIAN
Charles L. Fefferman is a mathematician who wrote his
first scientific work at age 15 and was Professor at 22. This mathematician,
who is at the University of Princeton (USA), was in 1978 the equivalent Fields
Medal to Nobel Prize in mathematics for researchers under 40 years of age.
Q. When
working, think on possible applications, or only on the problem?
A. Only in the problem, but I hope to eventually take to applications. I have been involved in works that have led to very interesting applications, and am very pleased with this. Working for years in a relevant problem for applications. It is easy to state: I have, say, a million points in a room, and I'd like to draw a surface as smooth as possible quepase by all of them. It is a deep problem, probably will continue a few more years with him.
A. Only in the problem, but I hope to eventually take to applications. I have been involved in works that have led to very interesting applications, and am very pleased with this. Working for years in a relevant problem for applications. It is easy to state: I have, say, a million points in a room, and I'd like to draw a surface as smooth as possible quepase by all of them. It is a deep problem, probably will continue a few more years with him.
Q. How
long do you work in a problem, average?
A. The most that I have devoted to a group of problems is 15 years. They were problems of quantum mechanics. Then I was interested in another area, the fluids, which I now work with, among others, Antonio Córdoba.
A. The most that I have devoted to a group of problems is 15 years. They were problems of quantum mechanics. Then I was interested in another area, the fluids, which I now work with, among others, Antonio Córdoba.
Q. But
solved those problems of quantum mechanics.
A. Says that I made a lot of progress.
Q. In mathematics, physics... There are problems that seem actually insoluble, given its resistance. How should we deal with them? Is there some mental wall effect?
A. Happens constantly problems that seem unsolvable are actually very simple. Suddenly someone discovers a particular way of looking at them makes that easily resolved. Moreover, one forgets that once you were difficult.
Q. What has happened to you ever?
A. Yes, I think that I have had two such moments. They are the sweetest. In particular one. It was something that no one imagined that it could be true. Remember be explaining it, before I met, very distinguished mathematicians, and before reaching the show one of them told me "no, that is not ridiculous". I felt great.
Q. It is important to keep this in mind when dealing with problems?
A. Says that I made a lot of progress.
Q. In mathematics, physics... There are problems that seem actually insoluble, given its resistance. How should we deal with them? Is there some mental wall effect?
A. Happens constantly problems that seem unsolvable are actually very simple. Suddenly someone discovers a particular way of looking at them makes that easily resolved. Moreover, one forgets that once you were difficult.
Q. What has happened to you ever?
A. Yes, I think that I have had two such moments. They are the sweetest. In particular one. It was something that no one imagined that it could be true. Remember be explaining it, before I met, very distinguished mathematicians, and before reaching the show one of them told me "no, that is not ridiculous". I felt great.
Q. It is important to keep this in mind when dealing with problems?
A. Of course. My Professor, Elias Stein, taught me
that optimism is important. There are problems that really are not solvable,
but other, very hard, they can be solved, and it is important to not have them
fears.
Q. As a child
prodigy, you educated are with people who were not of age. How it felt?
A. In most aspects it was happy. It was difficult not
to be part of a group of people that, on the other hand, had much in common.
But it was a price that was worth paying. If you had followed the normal
education, I think I would have felt very frustrated
Q. Said that
it does not reject any student who wants to make the thesis with you. How many
do you have?
A. Now I have two, but I have come to have five at the
same time. It takes a long time, of course, but it's satisfying. I try to
organise myself to continue to have time to think, although I do not always
succeed.
Q. You need a
special environment to think?
A. This is a very sensitive issue. To think you must
be in the right state of mind, you have rested well, your work must be
excited... And you need
some time.
Fuente: I-Math; Mónica
Salomé - Madrid - 03/07/2009
jueves, 10 de octubre de 2013
Límites de dos variables
Definición: sea f una función de dos variables cuyo dominio D incluye puntos tan cercanos como se quiera a (x0, y0). Entonces decimos que el límite de f cuando (x, y) se aproxima a (x0, y0) es L y escribimos:
Lim f(x, y) = L
(x, y)→(x0, y0)
Calculo: Las dos formas más comunes del cálculo de límites en función
de varias variables son:
- · Límites iterados
Sea f una función de dos variables. Llamaremos límites iterados de f en el punto (x0, y0) a los límites:
L1 = Lim ( Lim f (x, y))
x→ x0 y→ y0
L2 = Lim ( Lim f (x, y))
y→ y0 x→ x0
- · Límites polares
En algunos casos, la introducción de
coordenadas polares puede simplificar las expresiones y facilitar el cálculo de
los límites. Supongamos que tenemos una función f de dos variables y que queremos calcular el límite en un punto (x0, y0). Para hacer el límite podemos probar con el cambio
de variable x = x0 + ρ cos θ , y = y0 + ρ sin θ.
Se pueden hacer ejercicios en el siguiente enlace:
Suscribirse a:
Comentarios (Atom)